Keyboard Shortcut keys & function keys

Function Keys:

1. F1: Often used as a help key. In many programs, pressing F1 opens a help window, providing information and assistance about the current application or context.
2. F2: Frequently used for renaming files or folders. In some applications, it may initiate editing of selected elements.
3. F3: Commonly used to open a search feature in many applications. In Windows Explorer, it often activates the search function.
4. F4: Depending on the context, it can have various functions. In some applications, it opens a drop-down menu for address bars or opens the “Find” window.
5. F5: Often used to refresh or reload a page or document. In file browsers, it may refresh the view.
6. F6: In many applications, it moves the cursor to a different part of the interface, such as the address bar in web browsers or the location bar in file explorers.
7. F7: Frequently associated with spelling and grammar checking. In some applications, it may offer suggestions or corrections.
8. F8: Often used during the boot process on Windows systems to access advanced startup options. It can also be used in conjunction with other keys for various functions.
9. F9: The function may vary depending on the software. In some applications, it could trigger specific actions.
10. F10: Often used to activate menu bars. In some applications, it opens the menu bar, allowing users to navigate using arrow keys.
11. F11: Commonly used to toggle full-screen mode in web browsers. In some applications, it may maximize the window or trigger other full-screen functionalities.
12. F12: Often used to open the developer console in web browsers. In some applications, it can trigger specific actions, such as saving a document.

Shortcut keys:

The following are the most commonly used shortcut function keys of computers are as follows:

• Ctrl-Alt-Del – Close an application or turn off your computer 
• Alt-Tab – Switch between open windows on the desktop.
• Shift-Del – Permanently delete an item (this item is not available in the Recycle Bin too).

Windows Shortcuts (Applicable to Windows OS):

1. Win + D: Show or hide the desktop
2. Alt + Tab: Switch between open applications
3. Win + L: Lock the computer
4. Alt + F4: Close the active window
5. Win + E: Open File Explorer
6. Win + R: Open the Run dialog box
7. Ctrl + Shift + Esc: Open Task Manager

These shortcuts are especially useful for text computation and file managerial activities.

• Save (Ctrl-S)
• open (Ctrl-O)
• New (Ctrl-N)
• Ctrl-C is for copying.
• Ctrl-V – is for pasting
• Ctrl-X – is for cutting the content
• Undo (Ctrl-Z)
• Select all with Ctrl-A.
• Italicize with Ctrl-I. (this is italic)
• Make bold with Ctrl-B. (this is bold)
• Ctrl-U – highlight (this is underlined)
• Ctrl-Right Arrow – Position the mouse pointer at the beginning of the next Word.
• Ctrl-Left Arrow – Position the mouse pointer to the beginning of the previous Word.
• Ctrl-Down Arrow – Positions the mouse pointer at the beginning of the next paragraph.
• Ctrl-Up Arrow – returns the mouse pointer to the beginning of the previous paragraph. 

Web Browsing Shortcuts:

1. Ctrl (Cmd) + T: Open a new tab
2. Ctrl (Cmd) + W: Close the current tab
3. Ctrl (Cmd) + Tab: Switch between open tabs
4. Ctrl (Cmd) + Shift + T: Reopen the last closed tab
5. Ctrl (Cmd) + N: Open a new browser window
6. Ctrl (Cmd) + R: Refresh the current page